Transformation and Adaptation of Artificial Intelligence Technology In Public Administration In The United States and Indonesia
Keywords:
Policy, Implementation, Industrial Revolution 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, Public Sector, Public Service.Abstract
The application of artificial intelligence technology is considered to be able to overcome the problems of public administration work systems in many countries today. But every country has different views and challenges in the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of public administration. This paper aims to determine the policy and application of artificial intelligence in the field of public administration in developed countries (United States) and developing countries (Indonesia). This study used a qualitative method which was analyzed descriptively, which was obtained from secondary data in the form of journals, books, and other sources relevant to the topics discussed. The research results show that; The US government makes science and technology policies that focus on the application of AI artificial intelligence in the field of public administration, invests in budgets and research, trains the workforce for development and establishes institutions. Meanwhile, the Government of Indonesia carried out the transformation and adoption of AI technology without any policies and preparation of resources. This study finds that there is a need for advanced and comprehensive research in Indonesia regarding the application of AI in the public sector, and anticipating the impact of the risks posed.
References
Ahuja, A. S., Reddy, V. P., & Marques, O. (2020). Artificial intelligence and COVID-19: A multidisciplinary approach. Integrative Medicine Research, 9(3), 100434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2020.100434
Baraja, A. (Universitas S. (2009). Kecerdasan Buatan Tinjauan HistorikaL. Sentra Penelitian Engineering Dan Edukasi, 1(1), 37–41.
Bullock, J., Young, M. M., & Wang, Y. F. (2020). Artificial intelligence, bureaucratic form, and discretion in public service. Information Polity, 25(4), 491–506. https://doi.org/10.3233/IP-200223
Benhamou, S. (2020). Artificial intelligence and the future of work. Revue d’Economie Industrielle, 169(1), 57–88. https://doi.org/10.4000/rei.8727
Bangun Muljo, Sukojo. (2019) Smart City Concepts, Models and Technologies. Surabaya. AISINDO.
Chymis, A. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in the post-COVID-19 era. Homo Virtualis, 3(2), 55. https://doi.org/10.12681/homvir.25449
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design : qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. 4th ed. SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks,. California, United States of America.
Datta, P., Walker, L., & Amarilli, F. (2020). Digital transformation: Learning from Italy’s public administration*. Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases, 10(2), 54–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043886920910437
Fauzan, I. (2020). Artificial Intelligence ( Ai ) in the Process of Monitoring and Controlling Personnel – An Exploration of Concepts After the Pandemic Ends Artificial Intelligence ( Ai ) on the Surveillance and Civil Service Control – an Exploration of Concepts After the. Civil Survive, 2019, 31–42.
Fejes, E., & Futó, I. (2021). Artificial intelligence in public administration - Supporting administrative decisions. Public Finance Quarterly, 66, 23–51. https://doi.org/10.35551/PFQ_2021_S_1_2
Harris, L. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: Background, Selected Issues, and Policy Considerations. Congressional Research Service, May. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A666876221/GPS?u=tdea&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=594b9bba
He, H., & Wang, T. (2020). Application of Blended Teaching in Public Administration Courses under the Background of Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1575(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1575/1/012174
Hussain, A., Tahir, A., Hussain, Z., Sheikh, Z., Gogate, M., Dashtipour, K., Ali, A., & Sheikh, A. (2021). Artificial intelligence-enabled analysis of public attitudes on facebook and twitter toward COVID-19 vaccines in the United Kingdom and the United States: Observational study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.2196/26627
Karen Shrum, Lisa Gordon, Priscilla Regan, Karl Maschino, Alan R. Shark, A. S. (2019). Artificial Intelligence And Its Impact on Public Administration. National Academy Of Public Administration. Published and hosted by the Academy.
Maulana, A. O., Herfanda, G. C., & Hasan, F. (2022). Perceived trustworthiness of artificial intelligence implementation in Indonesia public sector services: Gen Z and Millennial perspectives. Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia, 26(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.20885/jaai.vol26.iss1.art7
Nuryanto, A., (2020). Public Administration Challenges in the World of Artificial Intelligence and BOT. Public Administration Network, 12(2), 139–147.
Natalisa, D. (2021). Six Ministries Present Public Service Breakthroughs to TPI. 30 June 2021, retrieved from https://menpan.go.id/site/
Natalisa, D. (2021). Ministry of PANRB Announces Top Commendable Public Service Innovations for 2021. July 29, 2021, retrieved from https://www.menpan.go.id/site/
Ortega-Fernández, A., Martín-Rojas, R., & García-Morales, V. J. (2020). Artificial intelligence in the urban environment: Smart cities as models for developing innovation and sustainability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12197860
Pencheva, I., Esteve, M., & Mikhaylov, S. J. (2018). Big Data and AI – A transformational shift for government: So, what next for research? Public Policy and Administration, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0952076718780537
Puspitasari, K. D., & Wiryantiningsih, E. (2022). Challenges in Using Automated Decision-Making in Public Administration in Indonesia. KnE Social Sciences, 2022, 573–586. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i9.10965
Shneiderman, B. (2020). Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 36(6), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2020.1741118
Szabo, V., & Strang, V. R. (1997). Secondary analysis of qualitative data. ANS. Advances in nursing science, 20(2), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.1097/00012272-199712000-00008
Sobrino-García, I. (2021). Artificial intelligence risks and challenges in the Spanish public administration: An exploratory analysis through expert judgements. Administrative Sciences, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11030102
Supriyadi, E. I., & Asih, D. B. (2021). Implementation of Artificial Intelligence (Ai) in the Field of Public Administration in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. RASI Journal, 2(2), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.52496/rasi.v2i2.62
Saluky, S. (2018). Tinjauan Artificial Intelligence untuk Smart Government. ITEJ (Information Technology Engineering Journals), 3(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.24235/itej.v3i1.22
Supriyanto, E. E., & Saputra, J. (2022). Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Policy Making: A Mini-Review Approach. International Journal of Advances in Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(2), 58–65. https://doi.org/10.56225/ijassh.v1i2.40
Supriyanto, E. E., Warsono, H., & Herawati, A. R. (2021). Literature Study on the Use of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Policy Making in Indonesia. Administratio: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik Dan Pembangunan, 12(2), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.23960/administratio.v12i2.235
Taeihagh, A. (2021). Governance of artificial intelligence. Policy and Society, 40(2), 137–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2021.1928377
Whitford, A. B., Yates, J., Burchfield, A., Anastasopoulos, J. L., & Anderson, D. M. (2020). The Adoption of Robotics by Government Agencies: Evidence from Crime Labs. Public Administration Review, 80(6), 976–988. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13301
Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., & Sturm, B. J. (2020). The Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: An Integrated AI Governance Framework for Public Administration. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 818–829. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1749851
Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., & Geyer, C. (2019). Artificial Intelligence and the Public Sector—Applications and Challenges. International Journal of Public Administration, 42(7), 596–615. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2018.1498103
Yusriadi, Y., Rusnaedi, Siregar, N. A., Megawati, S., & Sakkir, G. (2023). Implementation of artificial intelligence in Indonesia. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(1), 283–294. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.10.005
Zed, M. (2014). Library Research Methods. Jakarta: Indonesian Torch Foundation
